TF3-RO: Training and Compressing a Romanian Model from Scratch
The tokenizer, 51.65M-parameter model, compressed student, and Romanian-native generation pipeline released with TF3-RO.
TF3-RO is the third TinyFabulist stage. It uses Romanian text produced through the earlier translation pipeline to train a compact model from random initialization, compresses that model, and then generates a new corpus directly in Romanian.
TF3-RO chose a tokenizer that made sequences longer, trained a 51.65M-parameter teacher from random weights, and compressed it to a 26.45M-parameter student. Those numbers describe three separate decisions; collapsing them into “a small Romanian model” loses the experiment.
Two model sizes, two roles
The 51.65M-parameter teacher is a LLaMA-style transformer trained from scratch. Near 27,000 steps it reached reported cross-entropy of about 0.89 and perplexity of about 2.43 on the held-out distribution.
Quantization changes numerical precision without reducing the parameter count. A masking sweep—50% of MLP channels and 30% of attention heads—was used to locate spare capacity and produced roughly a 26–27% validation-loss increase. It was not the final student. The 26.45M-parameter student instead reduces hidden width from 512 to 384, MLP width from 1,365 to 1,024, and attention heads from eight to six, then uses logit-based distillation with tied embeddings.
The tokenizer decision came earlier
TF3 uses the 32,000-token Unigram tokenizer selected during the design comparison. The engineering note keeps the BPE comparison and its qualitative evidence; this release note follows the model and corpus artifacts that came afterward.
Training uses 2,048-token packed blocks over roughly one billion tokens. Starting from random weights makes the documented corpus and procedure more visible than in a fine-tuned multilingual model. It does not erase preprocessing choices or turn attribution into proof.
From translated data to Romanian-native generation
TF2 supplies model-generated Romanian translations for training. The resulting model then participates in a controlled combinatorial prompting pipeline that generates three million fables directly in Romanian.
“Romanian-native” describes the direction of generation, not human authorship. The translated corpus trains the model; the direct-Romanian corpus is an output of the trained system. Reversing that arrow would turn an evaluation claim into a provenance error.
Evaluation boundary
The evaluation combines intrinsic language-model measures, Romanian agreement probes, entity coherence, rule-based grammar checks, and model-based assessment. Each detects a different failure class. None alone establishes broad Romanian competence.
The release keeps the teacher, masking sweep, student, and direct-Romanian corpus as separate artifacts, so each measured change remains attached to its stage.